آذر، عادل و غلام‌زاده، رسول (1398). کمترین مربعات جزئی. تهران: نگاه دانش.
احمدی، مهدی و محمدی، غلامرضا (1393) ،شناسایی، اولویت بندی و تعیین عوامل موثر بر انگیزه ها و نیازهای گردشگری دفاع مقدس، مطالعات راهبردی بسیج، 17 (65)، 117-142. https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.1735501.1393.17.65.5.6
ایزدی، حسین (1402). چادرخوابی در استان مازندران ممنوع شد: نظارت بر چادرها بجای قیمت‌ها. خبر آنلاین. khabaronline.ir/xm2Gx.
بیگدلی، حامد، ترابی، زهره و عباسی، علیرضا (1397). بررسی و ارائه برنامه فیزیکی کمپینگ گردشگری در اقلیم سرد. معماری‌شناسی، 1(6)، 1-10. https://civilica.com/doc/898381
حبیبی، آرش و جلال‌نیا، راحله (1401). پدیدارشناسی. تهران: نارون.
حبیبی، آرش و جلال‌نیا، راحله (1401). حداقل مربعات جزئی. تهران: نارون.
حسام، مهدی، مؤمن، نرجس و سالم، مرضیه (1400). تحلیل فضایی زیرساخت‌های گردشگری در استان گیلان. گردشگری و توسعه، 10(1)، 221-240. https://doi.org/10.22034/jtd.2020.225132.2012
داوری، سیده الهام و امینی، مرضیه (1402). آینده‌پژوهی برنامه‌ریزی توسعۀ گردشگری، مطالعه موردی: شهر قائن. علوم جغرافیایی، 19(42)، 41-60. https://journals.iau.ir/article_701727.html?lang=en
سلیمانی، محمد و هاشم‌زاده خوراسگانی، غلامرضا (1402). شناسایی و تبیین عوامل مؤثر بر توسعه گردشگری مجازی در استان گیلان. مطالعات جغرافیایی نواحی ساحلی، 4(13)، 63-88. . https://doi.org/10.22124/gscaj.2023.22399.1170
شالبافیان، علی‌اصغر و طاهریان، پریسا (1401). شناسایی محرک‌ها و موانع توسعه گردشگری تجربه‌محور در اقامتگاه‌های بوم‌گردی استان سمنان. گردشگری شهری، 9(3)، 15-29. https://doi.org/10.22059/jut.2021.318634.880
نکوئی صدری، بهرام، حیدری بروجنی، الهه و فهرست، فاطمه (1400). رابطه انگیزه‌های بوم‌گردی و بازدید مجدد از منطقه گردشگری در منطقه سلیمان تنگه ساری، استان مازندران. مطالعات اجتماعی گردشگری، 9(17). 83-106. https://doi.org/10.52547/journalitor.36043.9.17.0
فتوحی گلریز، معصومه، ایلانلو، مریم و قاسمی فیروزآبادی، علی‌اصغر (1402). نقش اقامتگاه‌های بوم‌گردی در توسعه و رونق گردشگری غذا در ایران. فضای گردشگری، 12(47)، 19-34. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.22518827.1402.12.47.2.8
قنبری، ابوالفضل، ایمان‌زاده، طاها و عبدی دایلاری، خاطره (1400). اهمیت شناخت انگیزۀ گردشگران در گردشگری. سومین کنفرانس بین‌المللی مدیریت، گردشگری و تکنولوژی. https://civilica.com/doc/1353388
قوامی، محبوبه (1403). رواج چادرخوابی مسافران در گیلان. انتخاب، https://www.entekhab.ir/003Q6P.
محمودآبادی، ندا، ابراهیمی، ابوالقاسم، طیاران، شهرزاد و طوطیان، صدیقه (1403). طراحی و تدوین مدل پارادایمی بازاریابی تجربی و تأثیر آن بر انتخاب مقاصد گردشگری. گردشگری و توسعه، https://doi.org/10.22034/jtd.2022.357929.2654
منعم لفمجانی، صادق، شبگو منصف، سیدمحمود و قلی‌پور سلیمانی، علی (1402). واکاوی عوامل مؤثر بر ایجاد جایگاه رقابتی برند گردشگری در استان گیلان. مهندسی جغرافیایی سرزمین، 7(16)، 385-406. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.25381490.1402.7.2.8.4
مودودی ارخودی، مهدی و غلامی، یونس (1398). تبیین مدل انگیزۀ گردشگران با استفاده از مدل‌سازی ساختاری در شهر طرقبه. برنامه‌ریزی فضایی، 9(4)، 67-82. https://www.doi.org/10.22108/sppl.2019.114576.1331
نمامیان، فرشید و رحمتی، محمدحسین (1401). پیشایندها و پیامدهای عشق به برند مقصد گردشگری استان گیلان. گردشگری و توسعه، 11(33)، 157-168. https://.doi.org/10.22034/jtd.2020.201478.1825
نوری، سوسن (1401). چادرخوابی؛ پیشنهاد وزیر گردشگری برای اقشار متوسط. سامانه الکترونیک سفربازی، safarbazi.com/mag/camping-proposal-minister-tourism-middle-class.
هاشمی، سیدیوسف و ضیاءبخش طالمی، محمد (1401). چگونگی انتخاب مقصدهای گردشگری از دیدگاه گردشگران استان گیلان. جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی منطقه‌ای، 12 (48)، 953-961. https://doi.org/10.22034/jgeoq.2022.271448.2915
یزدان‌شناس، میثم و موسوی، سیدحجت (1403). اثرسنجی اقامتگاه‌های بوم‌گردی بر اقتصاد گردشگری پایدار در شهر تیران. مطالعات مدیریت توسعه سبز، 4 (1)، 1-22. https://doi.org/10.22077/jgdms.2024.7365.1095
Ahmadi, M., & Mohammadi, h. (2014), Identification, prioritization and determination of factors affecting the motivations and needs of Sacred Defense tourism. Basij Strategic Studies, 17(65), 115-140. https://dor.isc.ac/dor/20.1001.1.1735501.1393.17.65.5.6 [In Persian]
Azar, A., & Gholamzadeh, R. (2019). Partial least squares. Tehran: Negha Danesh. [In Persian]
Aziz, Y. A., Hussin, S. R., Nezakati, H., Yusof, R. N. R., & Hashim, H. (2018). The effect of socio-demographic variables and travel characteristics on motivation of Muslim family tourists in Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 9(2), 222–239. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-03-2016-0016
Bayih, B. E., & Singh, A. (2020). Modeling domestic tourism: motivations, satisfaction and tourist behavioral Interviewentions. Heliyon, 6(9). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04839
Bayiha, B. E., & Singh, A. (2020). Modeling domestic tourism: Motivations, satisfaction and tourist behavioral intentions. Heliyon, 6(9), e04839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04839
Bigdeli, H., Torabi, Z., & Abbasi, A. (2018). Examining and presenting the physical program of tourist camping in cold climate. Architecture, 1(6), 1-10. https://civilica.com/doc/898381 [In Persian]
Breiby, M. A. (2014). Exploring aesthetic dimensions in a nature-based tourism context. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 20(2), 163e173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356766713514243
Carvache-Franco, M., Carvache-Franco, W., Carvache-Franco, O., & Hernández-Lara, A. B. (2020). Analysis of push and pull motivations and the intentions to return and recommend a coastal or marine destination. Journal of Coastal Research, 36(6), 1313-1322.
Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. In Modern methods for business research.
Colaizzi, P. F. (1978). Psychological research as the phenomenologist views it. In Ronald S. Valle & Mark King, Existential-phenomenological alternatives for psychology. New York: Oxford University Press.
Davari, S. E., & Amini, M. (2023). Futuristic research of tourism development planning, case study: Shahrghain. Geographical Sciences, 19(42), 41-60. https://journals.iau.ir/article_701727.html?lang=en [In Persian]
Douglas, A., Hoogendoorn, G., & Richards, G. (2024). Activities as the critical link between motivation and destination choice in cultural tourism. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 7(1), 249–271. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-09-2022-0442
Egger, I., Lei, S. I., & Wassler, P. (2020). Digital free tourism: An exploratory study of tourist motivations. Tourism Management, 79, 104098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104098
Firman, A., Moslehpour, M., Qiu, R., Lin, P. K., Ismail, T., & Rahman, F. F. (2023). The impact of eco-innovation, ecotourism policy and social media on sustainable tourism development: evidence from the tourism sector of Indonesia. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 36(2), 563-759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2022.2143847
Fotohi Golriz, M., Ilanloo, M., & Ghasemi Firozabadi, A.A. (2023), The role of ecotourism residences in the development and prosperity of food tourism in Iran. Tourism Space, 12 (47), 19-34. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.22518827.1402.12.47.2.8 [In Persian]
Galloway, S. (2010). Recreation specialisation among New Zealand whitewater kayakers: A study of motivation and site preference. Annals of Leisure Research, 13(3), 523–540. https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2010.9686861
Garst, B., Williams, D., & Roggenbuck, J. (2010). Exploring early twenty-first century developed forest camping experiences and meanings. Leisure Sciences: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 32(1), 90e107.
Ghanbari, A., Imanzadeh, T., & Abdi Daylari, Kh. (2021). The importance of knowing the motivation of tourists in tourism. The third international conference on management, tourism and technology. [In Persian]
Ghavami, M. (2024). Popularity of travelers sleeping in tents in Gilan. Choice, https://www.entekhab.ir/003Q6P. [In Persian]
Gómez-Rico, M., Molina-Collado, A., Santos-Vijande, M. L., & Bilgihan, A. (2022). Motivations, self-congruity and restaurant innovativeness as antecedents of a creative-food tourism experience: The moderating effect of first-time and repeat tourists. British Food Journal, 124(2), 406–429. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-03-2021-0271
Grizini_c, J., _Zarkovic, A., & Zanketi_c, P. (2010). Positioning of tourism in Central Dalmatia through the development of camping tourism. International Journal of Economic Perspectives, 4(3), 525e535.
Habibi, A., & Jalalnia, R. (2022). Partial least squares. Tehran: Narun. [In Persian]
Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2021). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage publications.
Hashemi, S. Y., & Ziabakhsh, M. (2022). How to choose tourist destinations from the perspective of tourists (Case study: Cities of Guilan province), Geography and Regional Planning, 12(48), 953-961. https://doi.org/10.22034/jgeoq.2022.271448.2915 [In Persian]
Hassan T, Carvache-Franco M, Carvache-Franco O, Carvache-Franco W (2023) Sociodemographic relationships of motivations, satisfaction, and loyalty in religious tourism: A study of the pilgrimage to the city Mecca. PLoS ONE 18(3), e0283720. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283720
Hssam, M., Momen, N., & Saleam, N. (2021). Spatial analysis of tourism infrastructure in Gilan province. Journal of Tourism and Development, 10(1), 221-240. https://doi.org/10.22034/jtd.2020.225132.2012 [In Persian]
Huang, L., Liu, C., & Hung, K. (2024). Understanding camping tourism experiences through thematic analysis: An embodiment perspective. Journal of Leisure Research, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2024.2363225
Izeadi, H. (2023). Sleeping in tents was banned in this province/monitoring of tents instead of prices. online news khabaronline.ir/xm2Gx. [In Persian]
Kristensen, M. S., Arvidsen, J., Elmose-Østerlund, K., & Iversen, E. B. (2021). Motives for shelter camping. A survey-study on motivational differences across group composition and experience level. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 33, 100333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2020.100333
Ma, A. T. H., Chow, A. S. Y., Cheung, L. T. O., & Liu, S. (2018). Self-determined travel motivation and environmentally responsible behaviour of Chinese visitors to national forest protected areas in South China. Global Ecology and Conservation, 16, e00480. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00480
Mikulić, J., Prebežac, D., Šerić, M., & Krešić, D. (2017). Campsite choice and the camping tourism experience: Investigating decisive campsite attributes using relevance-determinance analysis. Tourism Management, 59, 226–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.07.020
Modoodi Arkhodi, M., & Gholami, Y. (2019). Explaining the Incentive Model of Tourists using Structural Modeling in the City of Torqabeh. Spatial Planning, 9(4), 67-82. https://doi.org/10.22108/sppl.2019.114576.1331. [In Persian]
Mohmoodabadi, N., Ebrahimi, A., Tayaran, S., & Tootian, S. (2024). Designing and compiling the experiential marketing paradigm model and its impact on the selection of tourist destinations. Tourism and Development, https://www.itsairanj.ir/article_207106.html?lang=en [In Persian]
Monem Lafmejani, S., Seyed Mahmoud Shabgoo Monsef., S. M., & Gholipour Soleimani, A. (2023). Analysis of effective factors on the competitive positioning of tourism brand in Guilan province, Land Geoengineering, 7(16), 385-406. https://doi.org/10.22034/jget.2023.148928 [In Persian]
Namamian, F., & Rahmati, M. H. (2022), Antecedents and Consequences of Destination Brand Love (Case Study: Gilan Province), Tourism and Development, 11(33), 157-168. https://.doi.org/10.22034/jtd.2020.201478.1825 [In Persian]
Nekouie Sadri, B., Heydari Borojni, E., & Fehrest, F. (2021). The relationship between ecotourism motivations and revisiting the tourism area in Suleiman Tange Sari region, Mazandaran province. Tourism Social Studies, 9(17), 83-106. https://doi.org/10.52547/journalitor.36043.9.17.0 [In Persian]
Nguyen, T. K. C., & Vu, H. P. (2022). Studying tourist intention on city tourism: The role of travel motivation. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 8(2), 497–512. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-03-2021-0042
Njagi, C. W., & Ndivo, R. M. (2017). Understanding the travel motivation among youth travelers in Kenya: The ‘push’ and ‘pull’ paradigm. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 6(1). Retrieved from http://www.ajhtl.com
Njagi, C. W., Ndivo, R. M., & Manyara, G. (2017). Understanding the travel motivation among youth travelers in Kenya: The ‘push’ and ‘pull’ paradigm. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 6(1). http://www.ajhtl.com
Nouri, S. (2022). camping; The proposal of the Minister of Tourism for the middle class. Safarbazi electronic system, safarbazi.com/mag/camping-proposal-minister-tourism-middle-class. [In Persian]
Oh, C., Park, M., & Hammill, W. E. (2007). Predicting site choice behavior among types of campers. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 25(3), 23e40
Özdemir, A. S. (2020). Recreational travel decisions: Push-pull dynamics on college students. International Education Studies, 13(4), 119. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v13n4p119
Park, J., Ellis, G. D., Kim, S. S., & Prideaux, B. (2010). An investigation of perceptions of social equity and price acceptability judgments for campers in the U.S. national forest. Tourism Management, 31, 202-212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2009.02.012
Pereira, G. de A., & Gosling, M. (2019). Push and pull motivations of Brazilian travel lovers. Brazilian Business Review, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.15728/bbr.2019.16.1.5
Polkinghorne, D. E. (1989). Phenomenological research methods. In Existential-phenomenological perspectives in psychology (pp. 41-60). Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6989-3_3
Poon-Ead, J., Jeaheng, Y., Nakphin, S., & Zhirong, L. (2022). Evaluation on the Camping Tourism Destination: A New Normal Tourism Product. In The Proceeding of Surat Thani Rajabhat University Conference, 13(4), 1-9.
Prayitno, G., Auliah, A., Ari, I. R. D., Effendi, A., Hayat, A., Delisa, A., ... & Hiddlestone-Mumford, J. (2024). Social capital for sustainable tourism development in Indonesia. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1), 2293310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2293310
Pulido-Fernández, J. I., Casado-Montilla, J., Carrillo-Hidalgo, I., & Durán-Román, J. L. (2024). Does type of accommodation influence tourist behavior? Hotel accommodation vs. rural accommodation. Anatolia, 35(2), 219-238. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2023.2166089
Qian, L., Guo, J., Qiu, H., Zheng, C., & Ren, L. (2023). Exploring destination image of dark tourism via analyzing user generated photos: A deep learning approach. Tourism Management Perspectives, 48, 101147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2023.101147
Radović, T. C., Lončarić, D., & Bonifačić, J. C. (2021). Camping tourism experience, satisfaction and loyalty: An empirical study from Croatia. Tourism in Southern and Eastern Europe, 6, 817-834. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/tosee.06.54
Radovic, Tihana Cegur; Loncaric, Dina; Bonifacic, Josipa Cvelic. Tourism in Southern and Eastern Europe ...; Opatija , 6(2021), 817-834. https://doi.org/10.20867/tosee.06.54
Ritpanitchajchaval, N., Ashton, A. S., & Apollo, M. (2023). Eudaimonic well-being development: Motives driving mountain-based adventure tourism. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 42, 100607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2023.100607
Rogerson, C. M., & Rogerson, J. M. (2020). Camping tourism: A review of recent Interviewernational scholarship. Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites, 28(1), 349-359. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.28127-474
Salo, A., Teixidor, A., Fluvia, M. & Garriga, A. (2020). The Effect of Different Characteristics on Campsite Pricing: Seasonality, Dimension and Location Effects in a Mature Destination. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 29, 100263 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2019.100263
Salvador-Almela, M. (2023). The role of humanitarian celebrities in volunteer tourism: Exploring their representation on Instagram. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 55, 228-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2023.04.004
Saunders , M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2009). Research methods for business students. Fifth edition. Harlow: Pearson Education
Scott, D., Hall, C. M., Rushton, B., & Gössling, S. (2024). A review of the IPCC Sixth Assessment and implications for tourism development and sectoral climate action. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 32(9), 1725-1742. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2023.2195597
Shalbafian, A. A., & Taherian, P. (2022). Identification of Drivers and Barriers to the Development of Experience-Oriented Tourism in Eco-Resorts of Semnan Province. urban tourism, 9(3), 15-29. https://doi.org/10.22059/jut.2021.318634.880. [In Persian]
Soleimāni, M., & Hāadehzādeh Khorāsgāni, G. R. (2023). Identification and Explanation of Factors Influencing the Development of Virtual Tourism with a Mixed-Method Approach (Case Study: Guilān Province). Geographical Studies of Coastal Areas Journal, 4(2), 63-88. https://doi.org/10.22124/gscaj.2023.22399.1170 [In Persian]
Stojanovic, T., Trišić, I., Brđanin, E., Štetić, S., Nechita, F., & Candrea, A. N. (2024). Natural and sociocultural values of a tourism destination in the function of sustainable tourism development—An example of a protected area. Sustainability, 16(2), 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16020759
Taghipour, K. (2023). Sleeping in a tent, a mistake for tourism. Gilan Today, 26(6467), 3. [In Persian]
Van Manen, M. (2016). Researching lived experience: Human science for an action sensitive pedagogy. Routledge.
Yang, T.-T., Ruan, W.-Q., Li, Y.-Q., & Zhang, S.-N. (2023). Virtual tourist motivation: The differences between virtual tourism and on-site tourism. Tourism Review, 78(5), 1280–1297. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-07-2022-0331
Yazdanshenas, M. and Mousavi, S. H. (2025). Evaluating the effectiveness of ecotourism resorts on sustainable tourism economy in Tiran City. Green Development Management Studies, 4(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.22077/jgdms.2024.7365.1095 [In Persian]
Zhang, X., Peng, B., Zhou, L., Lu, C., Wang, Y., Liu, R., & Xiang, H. (2024). Tourism development potential and obstacle factors of cultural heritage: Evidence from traditional music in Xiangxi. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 34(2), 309-328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11442-024-2206-2nces
