شناسایی ابعاد تأثیرگذاری فنّاوری واقعیت افزوده در گردشگری و موزه با تأکید بر رویکرد «گردشگر به‌مثابهٔ یادگیرنده»

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری فنّاوری اطلاعات در آموزش عالی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه نرم افزار و سیستم های اطلاعاتی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران.

4 دکتری فنّاوری اطلاعات در آموزش عالی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

10.22034/jtd.2022.345153.2623

چکیده

صنعت گردشگری یکی از بخش‌های اثرگذار در تولید ناخالص داخلی بسیاری از کشورهاست و تأثیر مستقیمی در توسعهٔ اقتصادی دارد. اما تورهای شهرهای سنتی به‌دلیل محدودیت‌های زمانی، سطح متفاوت علاقهٔ گردشگر و مسائل ارتباطی با چالش‌هایی مواجه شده‌اند. در این میان، فنّاوری واقعیت افزوده قادر به ارائهٔ محتوای چندرسانه‌ای بلادرنگ متناسب با ویژگی‌ها و ترجیحات گردشگران شده است و نباید در صنعت گردشگری نادیده انگاشته شود. به همین دلیل، پژوهش حاضر یافته‌های حاصل از مرور نظام‌مند پژوهش‌های گردشگری را که از واقعیت افزوده استفاده کرده‌اند ارائه می‌دهد. جست‌وجوی نظام‌مند با استفاده از پایگاه‌های علمی وب آو ساینس و گوگل اسکالر انجام شد. ابتدا، ۵۷۴ مقاله به دست آمد. سپس، براساس معیارهای پژوهش، ۶۶ پژوهش انتخاب شد. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از روش کدگذاری سه‌مرحله‌ای اشتراوس و کوربین استفاده شد. ابعاد اثرگذاری واقعیت افزوده در گردشگری در هفت بُعد دسته‌بندی شدند که شامل تجربهٔ بازدید، فرهنگ گردشگری، تعامل گردشگر، بُعد زیبایی‌شناختی گردشگری، ارزش آموزشی برای گردشگر، مدل‌های بازاریابی حوزهٔ گردشگری و موزه‌ها و بهبود کیفیت گردشگری برای بازدیدکنندگان کم‌توان است. همچنین، سیستم واقعیت افزوده مبتنی بر تصویر بیشترین استفاده را نشان می‌دهد. این یافته‌ها می‌تواند به‌منزلهٔ راهنما برای پژوهشگران آتی و توسعه‌دهندگان نرم‌افزارهای واقعیت افزوده در حوزهٔ گردشگری استفاده شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identify The Dimensions of The Impact of Augmented Reality Technology In Tourism And Museums: Emphasizing The "Tourist As Learner" Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Razieh Shahverdi 1
  • Mojtaba Vahidi Asl 2
  • Sirous Moradkhah 3
  • Parastoo Alikhani 4
1 PhD student in Information Technology in Higher Education, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Software and Information Systems, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran .
3 MA in Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
4 PhD in Information Technology in Higher Education, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The tourism industry is one of the sectors affecting the GDP of many countries and has a direct impact on economic development. However, traditional city tours have faced challenges due to time constraints, different levels of tourist interest, and communication issues. Meanwhile, Augmented Reality (AR) technology has been able to provide real-time multimedia content tailored to the characteristics and preferences of tourists and should not be overlooked in the tourism industry. This research presents findings from a systematic review of research on the use of augmented reality technology in tourism. A systematic search was performed using Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. First, 574 articles were obtained. Then, based on research criteria reduced to 66 articles. Strauss and Corbin three-step coding was used for data analysis. The effects of AR in tourism were classified into seven dimensions, which include: visiting experience, tourism culture, tourist interaction, aesthetic dimension of tourism, tourist educational value, marketing models of tourism and museums, quality of tourism for visitors with disabilities. Also, in response to the second question, the results showed that the image-based augmented reality system was the most used. These findings can be used as a guide for future researchers and developers of AR software in the field of tourism.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Augmented Reality
  • Tourism
  • Technology
  • Cultural heritage
  • Learning

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