الگوی تعامل پایدار سیاست و میراث فرهنگی در توسعهٔ گردشگری فرهنگی جمهوری اسلامی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، دانشکدهٔ مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری گردشگری، دانشکدهٔ مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشکدهٔ مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

4 دانشیار، دانشکدهٔ حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

10.22034/jtd.2021.311886.2489

چکیده

گردشگری فرهنگی از محبوب‌ترین انواع گردشگری در سطح جهان است که برای توسعهٔ آن در کشورهای گوناگون بسیار برنامه‌ریزی‌ شده است. توسعهٔ گردشگری فرهنگی به تعامل مؤلفه‌های بسیاری بستگی دارد. در این میان، سیاست به این دلیل که اجزا و فرایند گردشگری فرهنگی را تحت‌تأثیر خود قرار می‌دهد و میراث فرهنگی به این دلیل که منبع سازندهٔ گردشگری فرهنگی است دو مؤلفه‌ای هستند که به تعامل بالایی برای موفقیت گردشگری فرهنگی نیاز دارند. از این منظر، این مقاله در نظر داشته تا، به‌منظور توسعهٔ گردشگری فرهنگی در کشور، به بررسی تعامل بین سیاست و میراث فرهنگی در جمهوری اسلامی ایران بپردازد و عواملی را که می‌توانند به تعامل بهینهٔ این دو مؤلفه منجر شوند به‌شکل الگو استخراج کند. بر این اساس، محققان تلاش کردند تا این عوامل را با استفاده از روش تحلیل مضمون، با بهره‌ بردن از مصاحبه با خبرگان از طریق نمونه‌گیری قضاوتی هدفمند و همچنین کمک گرفتن از اسناد و مدارک مرتبط به ‌دست آورند. نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق نشان داد که عوامل تعامل‌ساز را می‌توان در قالب دو حوزهٔ سازمانی میراث فرهنگی و حوزهٔ فراسازمانی میراث فرهنگی طبقه‌بندی کرد. حوزهٔ سازمانی شامل دو بُعد تفسیر میراث و بعد بهبود سازمانی و حوزهٔ فراسازمانی شامل سه بعد ایدئولوژی‌محور، بعد سیاست‌محور و بعد فرهنگ‌محور هستند. همچنین، نتایج نمایانگر این است که حوزهٔ فراسازمانی، در مقایسه با حوزهٔ سازمانی، اهمیت بیشتری در ایجاد و تقویت این تعامل دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Pattern of Sustainable Interaction between Politics and Cultural Heritage in the Cultural Tourism Development of Islamic Republic of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammadreza Salehipour 1
  • Akbar Pourfaraj 2
  • seyed mojtaba Mahmoudzadeh 3
  • Ahmad Golmohammadi 4
1 Associate professor of management and accounting faculty, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
2 PhD student of tourism, Management and accounting faculty, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant professor of management and accounting faculty, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Associate professor of law and political science faculty, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Cultural tourism is one of the most favorite kinds of tourism in the world and different countries are establishing too many plans to develop it. The development of cultural tourism depends on the interaction of many components. Politics affects the ingredients and process of cultural tourism and Cultural heritage is the constructive source of cultural tourism. In this regard, they need to be highly interacted for the success of cultural tourism. From this point of view and to cultural tourism development in Iran, this article aims to assess the interaction between politics and cultural heritage in the Islamic republic of Iran and elicit factors can lead to optimized interaction between these components as a pattern. So researches tried to attain these factors by using of thematic analysis: interview with experts and related documents. Results shows that interactive factors can be classified as organizational area of cultural heritage and ultra-organizational area of cultural heritage. Organizational area includes heritage interpretation dimension and organizational enhancement dimension. Ultra-organizational area includes ideology based dimension, politics based dimension and culture based dimension. Also ultra-organizational area is more important than Organizational area in the creation and improvement of this interaction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • interaction
  • politics
  • cultural heritage
  • development
  • cultural tourism

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