طراحی چارچوب مشارکت عمومی ـ خصوصی در گردشگری برمبنای فراترکیب مطالعات پیشین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گردشگری، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

2 دکتری اقتصاد، دانشیار دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

3 دکتری مدیریت بازرگانی، استادیار دانشکده گردشگری دانشگاه سمنان

4 دانشیار دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

5 استادیار دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

چکیده

مشارکت عمومی ـ خصوصی از دغدغه‌های ذهنی ‌محققان در حوزه‌های مختلف ازجمله صنعت گردشگری بوده است. از یک سو، محدودیت منابع، کمبود سرمایه، نبود تخصص، نبود دسترسی به نیروی انسانی و از سوی دیگر، وظیفۀ دولت‌ها در تأمین نیازهای عمومی سبب شده است تا دولت‌ها بخش خصوصی را شریکی قابل‌تأمل بدانند. آنچه مسلم است، شناخت ابعاد مختلف این شراکت میان دو بخش خصوصی و دولتی احتمال موفقیت آن‌ها در هر صنعتی ازجمله گردشگری را افزایش خواهد داد. از این منظر، هدف از پژوهش حاضر طراحی چارچوبی برای مشارکت عمومی ـ خصوصی در گردشگری بنابر یافته‌های مطالعات پیشین است. بهترین روش برای یک‌پارچه‌سازی تفاسیر یافته‌های پیشین روش فراترکیب است. بنابراین از روش مزبور با پیگیری شش گام بهره گرفته شده است. جامعۀ آماری این پژوهش مطالعات انجام‌شده در زمینۀ مشارکت عمومی ـ خصوصی بوده که با جست‌وجو در برترین پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی مرتبط، 244 مقالۀ در دسترس شناسایی شده است. پس از آن، مقالات بر اساس عنوان و چکیده و محتوا غربال شده‌اند. در نهایت، متن مقاله‌های منتخب (41 مقاله)، با استفاده از نسخۀ 10 نرم‌افزار مکس کیودا (MAXQDA)، تحلیل و کدگذاری شده است. بنابر نتایج می‌توان عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت عمومی ـ خصوصی در گردشگری را در قالب دو مقولۀ اصلی عوامل درونی و عوامل بیرونی مدنظر قرار داد. عوامل درونی با مشارکت عمومی ـ خصوصی ارتباط مستقیم دارند و دربردارندۀ مفاهیمی همچون محتوای مشارکت، ذی‌نفعان، اهداف، وظایف و منافع طرفین‌اند. عوامل بیرونی دخالت مستقیم ندارند و در کنترل این شکل از مشارکت نیستند. عوامل بیرونی عوامل فنّاورانه ـ اطلاعاتی، اجتماعی ـ فرهنگی، قانونی ـ حقوقی، مالی ـ اقتصادی، محیطی و سیاسی ـ دولتی را دربر می‌گیرند

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Public-Private Partnership Framework in Tourism Based on Meta-synthesis of Previous Works

نویسندگان [English]

  • Neda Zarandian 1
  • محمدرضا فرزین 2
  • Ali Asghar Shalbafian 3
  • Akbar pourfaraj 4
  • Seyed Mojtaba Mahmoudzadeh 5
1 Ph.D. Student of Tourism, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University , Tehran, Iran
2 PhD in Economics, Associate Professor, School of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Tourism Management, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University
5 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University,
چکیده [English]

Public-private partnerships have been a concern for researchers in a variety of fields, including the tourism industry. On the one hand, limited resources, lack of capital, lack of expertise, lack of access to manpower, etc., and on the other hand, the duty of governments to meet public needs has led governments to view the private sector as a significant partner. Meanwhile, what is certain is that recognizing the different dimensions of this partnership between the private and public sectors will increase their chances of success in any industry - including tourism. From this perspective, the aim of this study is to provide a framework for public-private partnership in tourism based on the findings of previous works. The best way to integrate the interpretations of previous findings is Meta-synthesis. Therefore, this method was utilized by following six steps. The statistical population of this study was the studies conducted in the field of tourism private public-private partnership, which identified by searching in the top related databases; 244 articles were available. After that, the articles were screened based on the title, abstract and content. Finally, the text of the selected articles (41 articles) was analyzed and coded using MAXQDA10 software. The findings showed that a set of factors affecting public-private participation in tourism can be considered in the form of two main categories of internal and external factors. Internal factors are directly related factors to public-private partnership. Internal factors include concepts such as the content of the partnership, the stakeholders, the goals, the duties of each party, and their interests. But external factors are controllable and not directly involved. External factors include technological-information factors, socio-cultural factors, legal factors, financial-economic factors, environmental factors and political-governmental factors.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Public-private Partnership
  • Tourism
  • Meta-Synthesis
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