شناسایی و تبیین عوامل پیش‌برنده و بازدارندهٔ توسعهٔ گردشگری روستایی از دیدگاه خبرگان (موردمطالعه: شهرستان نیر)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری و روستایی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی و گردشگری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، رشتهٔ جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی و روستایی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

10.22034/jtd.2023.402481.2785

چکیده

امروزه گردشگری یکی از منابع مهم درآمد و از عوامل مؤثر در توسعه و پیشرفت کشورها است. بر این اساس، گردشگری روستایی، به‌مثابهٔ یکی از اصلی‌ترین انواع گردشگری، اهمیت ویژه‌ای دارد. بنابراین، شناخت موانع و عوامل پیش‌برندهٔ این نوع گردشگری ضرورت خاصی دارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی و تبیین عوامل بازدارنده و پیش‌برندهٔ توسعهٔ گردشگری روستایی از دیدگاه خبرگان در شهرستان نیر انجام شده است که با استفاده از روش ترکیبی موضوع بررسی شده است. رویکرد تحقیق متوالی اکتشافی است که در دو مرحلهٔ کیفی و کمّی انجام شده است. در مرحلهٔ کیفی، با استفاده از روش مرور دامنه، متغیرها و شاخص‌های اصلی شناسایی شدند و سپس در فاز کمّی با استفاده از روش پیمایش و ابزار پرسش‌نامه تحلیل و بررسی شدند. روایی پرسش‌نامه روایی محتوا است. این پرسش‌نامه به تنی چند از متخصصان، صاحب‌نظران و کارشناسان مجرب در این زمینه داده شد و پس از بررسی‌ها و اصلاحات لازم تأیید شد. پایایی پرسش‌نامه از آزمون آلفای کرونباخ به دست آمد که مقدار آن 78 درصد است. مطابق با یافته‌های مرحلهٔ کیفی، از میان ۵۳ تحقیق مرتبط، ۴ معیار و ۴۳ زیرمعیار شناسایی شدند. در مرحلهٔ کمّی، متخصصان و کارشناسان حوزهٔ گردشگری و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی دربارهٔ تأیید و اولویت‌بندی هریک از عوامل اظهارنظر کردند که تمامی عوامل از نظر آن‌ها تأیید شدند. مطالعهٔ حاضر نشان داد که جنبه‌های گوناگون پیش‌برنده یا بازدارندهٔ توسعهٔ گردشگری روستایی اعم از جنبه‌های اجتماعی، اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی توسعهٔ گردشگری در شهرستان نیر با مقادیر قابل‌قبولی مهم هستند. بنابراین، باید به مفهوم توسعهٔ گردشگری روستایی در سراسر منطقه توجه شود و شکاف‌های موجود برای حمایت از توسعهٔ گردشگری روستایی برطرف شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying and Explaining the Driving and Inhibiting Factors in Development of Rural Tourism from the Experts' Point of View

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bahram Imani 1
  • Javad Madani 2
  • Mohammad Bagher Mehdizadeh 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Urban and Rural Planning, University Of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Public Administration and Tourism, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 MA Student of Geography and Rural Planning, Department of Geography and Urban and Rural Planning, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, tourism is one of the important sources of income and one of the effective factors in development and progress in countries. In this connection, rural tourism is of special importance as one of the main types of tourism. Therefore, knowing the obstacles and driving factors of this type of tourism is of special necessity. The current research has been done with the aim of identifying and explaining the factors driving and inhibiting the development of rural tourism from the perspective of experts, who have investigated the issue using a mixed method. The sequential research approach is an exploratory one that is carried out in two qualitative and quantitative phases. In the qualitative phase, using the scoping review method, the main variables and indicators were identified, and then in the quantitative phase, they were analyzed and investigated using the survey method and the questionnaire tool. According to the findings of the qualitative phase, 4 criteria and 43 sub-criteria were identified among 53 related researches. In the quantitative phase, specialists and experts in the field of tourism and rural planning commented on the approval and prioritization of each factor, and all the factors were approved in their opinion. The present study showed that various aspects promoting or hindering the development of rural tourism, including social, economic and environmental aspects of tourism development in Nir city, are considered with acceptable amounts. Therefore, the concept of rural tourism development should be effectively implemented throughout the region and existing gaps to support rural tourism development should be addressed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Tourism
  • Rural Tourism
  • Development and Sustainability
  • Mixed Method

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