Abstract

Digital transformation has emerged as a key driver of innovation in the tourism industry, shaping tech-driven startups. However, high failure rates (up to 90%) underscore the need to examine success factors. This study aims to identify and synthesize factors influencing the success of digital tourism startups through meta-analysis and meta-synthesis from 2015-2025. Methodology involved a systematic review using PRISMA, with an initial identification of 138 articles. After screening, 79 studies remained, and finally 45 high-quality articles were analyzed from databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Emerald, Springer, and Google Scholar. Quantitative meta-analysis via CMA software calculated effect sizes (e.g., r=0.58 for technological innovation), while qualitative meta-synthesis used three-stage coding to extract categories such as technological, organizational, environmental, individual, sustainability, and customer-centric. Findings reveal dynamic interactions in the DPOE framework (Digital, Personal, Organizational, Environmental), with emphasis on sustainability (r=0.71) and digital skills development (r=0.68). Discussion aligns with TAM and entrepreneurial ecosystem theories but highlights discrepancies in geographical and methodological focus compared to similar studies. Conclusion recommends prioritizing AI/IoT integration, government support, and digital training to reduce failures and enhance tourism ecosystems. This integrated framework offers practical guidance for entrepreneurs and policymakers.