Iran Tourism Scientific AssociationJournal of Tourism and Development2423-507513420241221Identification of Factors Affecting Intercultural Communications in the Development of Tourism in IranIdentification of Factors Affecting Intercultural Communications in the Development of Tourism in Iran11421127610.22034/jtd.2024.429201.2864FAMinaKhazaei AliabadDepartment of Tourism, Faculty of Tourism, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran0009-0008-3683-3633MehdiKarobiallameh tabatabaii university0000-0002-0699-5139MonaSadatDepartment of Tourism, Faculty of Tourism, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, IranJournal Article20231207Intercultural communication is an equal interaction with speakers of other languages and respect for other identities. The development of tourism, one of the dynamic and effective industries in the economy of countries, requires effective intercultural communication. Communication is involved in all the actions of social life and is the constituent factor of cultural processes. The purpose of this research is to identify and rank the most important effective factors of intercultural communication in the development of Iranian tourism. The research was done with a descriptive survey method. Eleven factors were identified through documentary studies and interviews with experts in the field of tourism. Then, data and scenarios were analyzed using the fuzzy cognitive mapping technique and FCmapr software, and the research model was designed using social network analysis. Among the selected factors, diplomatic and political communication, cooperation with international media, and use of social media were the most important, respectively, because they were more central. Also, the scenario writing results show that removing the factor of diplomatic and political relations leads to a decrease in cooperation with international media, and this issue may reduce attention to the tourism industry and attract tourists to the country.Intercultural communication is an equal interaction with speakers of other languages and respect for other identities. The development of tourism, one of the dynamic and effective industries in the economy of countries, requires effective intercultural communication. Communication is involved in all the actions of social life and is the constituent factor of cultural processes. The purpose of this research is to identify and rank the most important effective factors of intercultural communication in the development of Iranian tourism. The research was done with a descriptive survey method. Eleven factors were identified through documentary studies and interviews with experts in the field of tourism. Then, data and scenarios were analyzed using the fuzzy cognitive mapping technique and FCmapr software, and the research model was designed using social network analysis. Among the selected factors, diplomatic and political communication, cooperation with international media, and use of social media were the most important, respectively, because they were more central. Also, the scenario writing results show that removing the factor of diplomatic and political relations leads to a decrease in cooperation with international media, and this issue may reduce attention to the tourism industry and attract tourists to the country.https://www.itsairanj.ir/article_211276_db7c9bee593ecf9a640b0408022fb64d.pdfIran Tourism Scientific AssociationJournal of Tourism and Development2423-507513420241221Factors affecting digital marketing in medical tourism with an emphasis on artificial intelligence
(Case study: Tehran)Factors affecting digital marketing in medical tourism with an emphasis on artificial intelligence
(Case study: Tehran)152621552810.22034/jtd.2024.451588.2907FAMonaSalimiPhD student, Faculty of Tourism, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-3369-8815Mohammad HosseinImanikhoshkhooProfessor, Faculty of Tourism, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-6643-1012AboulfazlTajzade NaminAssociate Professor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20240409With the increasing development of technologies and communication methods, the use of digital marketing to advertise and promote services and products has become very important. One of the industries that benefit from these methods is the medical tourism industry. Also, considering the ever-increasing growth of technology and the widespread use of the Internet in different societies, the use of artificial intelligence and related technologies is very important. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to identify the effective factors on digital marketing in medical tourism with an emphasis on artificial intelligence (case study: Tehran). This research is a survey in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the research included 53 medical tourists from Tehran, who were selected to participate in building the model. For this purpose, the conceptual framework of the specific model and the data were analyzed using tools and techniques of fuzzy cognitive mapping and social network analysis. The results showed that several factors are involved in digital marketing in medical tourism with an emphasis on artificial intelligence (case study: Tehran city), including site optimization and branding factors in search engines, marketing targeting, better evaluation of marketing campaigns and better feedback from Audiences were the most important in order; Because they were more central.With the increasing development of technologies and communication methods, the use of digital marketing to advertise and promote services and products has become very important. One of the industries that benefit from these methods is the medical tourism industry. Also, considering the ever-increasing growth of technology and the widespread use of the Internet in different societies, the use of artificial intelligence and related technologies is very important. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to identify the effective factors on digital marketing in medical tourism with an emphasis on artificial intelligence (case study: Tehran). This research is a survey in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the research included 53 medical tourists from Tehran, who were selected to participate in building the model. For this purpose, the conceptual framework of the specific model and the data were analyzed using tools and techniques of fuzzy cognitive mapping and social network analysis. The results showed that several factors are involved in digital marketing in medical tourism with an emphasis on artificial intelligence (case study: Tehran city), including site optimization and branding factors in search engines, marketing targeting, better evaluation of marketing campaigns and better feedback from Audiences were the most important in order; Because they were more central.https://www.itsairanj.ir/article_215528_4b61474162cda3bec7c1dc6f65ee98b2.pdfIran Tourism Scientific AssociationJournal of Tourism and Development2423-507513420241221Development and Validation of a Model to Measure Tourism Destination Brand Fascination (case study: Tehran city)Development and Validation of a Model to Measure Tourism Destination Brand Fascination (case study: Tehran city)274021552710.22034/jtd.2024.441389.2891FAMohammadGhaffariAssociate Professor, department of business management and entrepreuership, faculty of management and accounting, college of Farabi, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-0566-4717SaraKhaleghi MoghaddamM.Sc. Student in business management, department of business management and entrepreuership, faculty of management and accounting, college of Farabi, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.Amir RezaKonjkav MonfaredAssociate Professor, Department of business Management, Faculty of Economics, Management, and Accounting, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.0000-0002-3087-250XAlirezaJahanfekrM.Sc. Student In Business business, Department of business Management, Faculty of Economics, Management, and Accounting, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.Journal Article20240203The current research has been carried out with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the dimensions of fascination for the tourism destination brand. In terms of its purpose, the current research was developmental-applied, and in terms of the data collection method, it is considered part of descriptive research. The statistical population of this research is considered to be all foreign tourists who visited Tehran, who are at least 18 years old, and who have visited the tourist attractions of this city. The necessary data were collected through 2 researcher-made questionnaires of 57 questions and 50 questions from two samples of 220 and 210 people selected by sampling method from the unlimited and accessible population. SPSS and smart-PLS software were used to perform exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Moreover, for the assessment of validity (convergent and divergent) and reliability, the index AVE, the Fornell-Larcker index, Cronbach's alpha, and composite reliability was used. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis results identified 9 dimensions for fascination with the destination brand and were prioritized based on Shannon's entropy method. Considering the weights obtained from Shannon's entropy, it was found that dimension of Attractiveness has the highest weight and importance, and the dimensions of Richness, Pleasure, Arousal, Dominance, Mystique, Friendliness, Uniqueness and Fitness are in the next priority. Furthermore, the research findings indicated that among the sources of information utilized by respondents for planning their trips to Tehran, the most popular information source has been tourism websites, the second most popular source of information has been brochures and advertisements, and the third source has been travel agenciesThe current research has been carried out with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the dimensions of fascination for the tourism destination brand. In terms of its purpose, the current research was developmental-applied, and in terms of the data collection method, it is considered part of descriptive research. The statistical population of this research is considered to be all foreign tourists who visited Tehran, who are at least 18 years old, and who have visited the tourist attractions of this city. The necessary data were collected through 2 researcher-made questionnaires of 57 questions and 50 questions from two samples of 220 and 210 people selected by sampling method from the unlimited and accessible population. SPSS and smart-PLS software were used to perform exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Moreover, for the assessment of validity (convergent and divergent) and reliability, the index AVE, the Fornell-Larcker index, Cronbach's alpha, and composite reliability was used. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis results identified 9 dimensions for fascination with the destination brand and were prioritized based on Shannon's entropy method. Considering the weights obtained from Shannon's entropy, it was found that dimension of Attractiveness has the highest weight and importance, and the dimensions of Richness, Pleasure, Arousal, Dominance, Mystique, Friendliness, Uniqueness and Fitness are in the next priority. Furthermore, the research findings indicated that among the sources of information utilized by respondents for planning their trips to Tehran, the most popular information source has been tourism websites, the second most popular source of information has been brochures and advertisements, and the third source has been travel agencieshttps://www.itsairanj.ir/article_215527_50661cb587a90e4110581022285268f9.pdfIran Tourism Scientific AssociationJournal of Tourism and Development2423-507513420241221Designing an Electronic Tourism Model with the Foundation's Data ApproachDesigning an Electronic Tourism Model with the Foundation's Data Approach415721552910.22034/jtd.2024.419157.2832FASajjadGolianPh.D. student, Department of Business Administration, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.MirzahasanHoseiniProfessor, Department of Business Administration, Payame Noor University, Tehran, IranValimohammadDRINIAssociate Professor of Business Administration, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.EHSANJAMALIAssistant Professor, Organization of Measurement and Education of Iran.Journal Article20231003With the development of technology, e-tourism attracted the attention of many tourists. The goal of this study was to design an e-tourism model based on the business model canvas. The current research is qualitative and based on Grounded Theory. The samples were selected by purposive sampling method. After the interview, the data was analyzed with MAXQDA software.<strong> </strong>Research findings indicated that the e-tourism model included causal conditions, underlying conditions, intervening factors, strategies. The creation of the electronic tourism system is a logical consequence of the digitization of all processes of the value chain of the travel and tourism industry. Smart or electronic tourism is actually a new idea of serving tourists and as a new and new approach, it causes a better promotion of the position of tourism and business by providing the required requirements. Based on the findings of this research and the importance of the e-tourism approach, it is recommended to the managers and officials of the country's tourism organizations to develop and strengthen new technologies in the country with scientific and coherent plans. Equipping facilities and using new technologies is a way to expand e-tourism.With the development of technology, e-tourism attracted the attention of many tourists. The goal of this study was to design an e-tourism model based on the business model canvas. The current research is qualitative and based on Grounded Theory. The samples were selected by purposive sampling method. After the interview, the data was analyzed with MAXQDA software.<strong> </strong>Research findings indicated that the e-tourism model included causal conditions, underlying conditions, intervening factors, strategies. The creation of the electronic tourism system is a logical consequence of the digitization of all processes of the value chain of the travel and tourism industry. Smart or electronic tourism is actually a new idea of serving tourists and as a new and new approach, it causes a better promotion of the position of tourism and business by providing the required requirements. Based on the findings of this research and the importance of the e-tourism approach, it is recommended to the managers and officials of the country's tourism organizations to develop and strengthen new technologies in the country with scientific and coherent plans. Equipping facilities and using new technologies is a way to expand e-tourism.https://www.itsairanj.ir/article_215529_dd2c88e21da53a6b7a6dd2ba5733bd06.pdfIran Tourism Scientific AssociationJournal of Tourism and Development2423-507513420241221The impact of hotels social responsibility on customers' loyalty with the mediating role of brand image, commitment and customer satisfactionThe impact of hotels social responsibility on customers' loyalty with the mediating role of brand image, commitment and customer satisfaction597519413510.22034/jtd.2024.433403.2881FAHamidrezaRezaei AnvarMA in Strategic Management, Faculty of Management, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.NiloofarAbbaspoorAssistant Professor, Department of Business Management, Faculty of Management, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.MaryamSedaghatAssistant Professor, Department of Business Management, Faculty of Management, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-7298-0907Journal Article20240106According to the number of existing accommodation facilities and the number of tourists, hotels must compete with each other to attract as many tourists as possible. Increasing competition, diversity in customers' tastes and needs, and the emergence of new technologies have required hotels to provide distinctive services and experiences to attract and retain their customers, because loyal customers ultimately have a positive effect on hotel performance. One of the factors that can create value for hotel customers is paying attention to social responsibility. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of social responsibility of hotels on customer loyalty based on the mediating role of brand image, commitment and customer satisfaction. The statistical sample is the guests of 4 and 5 star hotels in Tehran, who were sampled as available. Structural equation model has been used to measure the relationship between variables. The results of the research showed that the social responsibility of hotels has a positive effect on the variables of brand image, commitment, satisfaction and loyalty. Therefore, by addressing social responsibilities through improving the brand image and customer commitment and satisfaction, hotels can cause Loyalty and repeat their stay in the hotel and improve their performance.According to the number of existing accommodation facilities and the number of tourists, hotels must compete with each other to attract as many tourists as possible. Increasing competition, diversity in customers' tastes and needs, and the emergence of new technologies have required hotels to provide distinctive services and experiences to attract and retain their customers, because loyal customers ultimately have a positive effect on hotel performance. One of the factors that can create value for hotel customers is paying attention to social responsibility. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of social responsibility of hotels on customer loyalty based on the mediating role of brand image, commitment and customer satisfaction. The statistical sample is the guests of 4 and 5 star hotels in Tehran, who were sampled as available. Structural equation model has been used to measure the relationship between variables. The results of the research showed that the social responsibility of hotels has a positive effect on the variables of brand image, commitment, satisfaction and loyalty. Therefore, by addressing social responsibilities through improving the brand image and customer commitment and satisfaction, hotels can cause Loyalty and repeat their stay in the hotel and improve their performance.https://www.itsairanj.ir/article_194135_650f6bc07c669e6f9d6fa7c55ab1b96e.pdfIran Tourism Scientific AssociationJournal of Tourism and Development2423-507513420241221Evaluation of the strength and position of the tourism management organization of Tehran metropolis from a management point of viewEvaluation of the strength and position of the tourism management organization of Tehran metropolis from a management point of view779921643410.22034/jtd.2024.446367.2896FAAliMokhtari KarcheganiDepartment of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-3734-6729MortezaTavakoliDepartment of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-0960-8931Zabih-allahTorabiDepartment of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-9347-2722GholamrezaBourzuDepartment of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-1111-345xJournal Article20240301Today, all tourist destinations compete to attract tourists. The tourism management organization helps these destinations develop the capacity to attract tourists by promoting coordinated and thoughtful planning of the constituent elements of a destination. The metropolis of Tehran, the largest tourist destination in Iran, lacks a tourism organization. Therefore, this research seeks to evaluate the strength and position of the Tehran Metropolis Tourism Management Organization in improving management factors. The current research method is quantitative. The data and information collection tool was done using a questionnaire. An available sampling method was used for sampling, which included 21 experts (academics, managers, and experts) related to tourism management. Confirmatory factor analysis using SmartPLS version 4 software was used for data analysis. The results show that there is a significant relationship between the elements of tourism destination management and tourism development. The findings show that the four main factors of organization with a factor load of 0.927, guidance with 0.725, planning with 0.724, and control with 0.485 respectively have the greatest effect on the management of tourism destinations. This study has a significant theoretical contribution to the tourism management literature by measuring the key factors influencing the success of tourism destination management. In addition, this study has practical strategies for urban areas that can be implemented by strengthening the role and position of tourism development organizations through the delegation of more powers.Today, all tourist destinations compete to attract tourists. The tourism management organization helps these destinations develop the capacity to attract tourists by promoting coordinated and thoughtful planning of the constituent elements of a destination. The metropolis of Tehran, the largest tourist destination in Iran, lacks a tourism organization. Therefore, this research seeks to evaluate the strength and position of the Tehran Metropolis Tourism Management Organization in improving management factors. The current research method is quantitative. The data and information collection tool was done using a questionnaire. An available sampling method was used for sampling, which included 21 experts (academics, managers, and experts) related to tourism management. Confirmatory factor analysis using SmartPLS version 4 software was used for data analysis. The results show that there is a significant relationship between the elements of tourism destination management and tourism development. The findings show that the four main factors of organization with a factor load of 0.927, guidance with 0.725, planning with 0.724, and control with 0.485 respectively have the greatest effect on the management of tourism destinations. This study has a significant theoretical contribution to the tourism management literature by measuring the key factors influencing the success of tourism destination management. In addition, this study has practical strategies for urban areas that can be implemented by strengthening the role and position of tourism development organizations through the delegation of more powers.https://www.itsairanj.ir/article_216434_6ee7f2f389a79feae9d8b36fbf3dc2c5.pdfIran Tourism Scientific AssociationJournal of Tourism and Development2423-507513420241221Restoring destination image and traveler trust with social media after a corona crisis (Study case: Yazd province)Restoring destination image and traveler trust with social media after a corona crisis (Study case: Yazd province)10111521725410.22034/jtd.2024.456967.2916FAHamedFallah TaftiManagement Department Associate Professor, Science and Arts university, Yazd, Iran.0000-0003-4751-4394MaryamRoasaeiTourism Management Ph.D. Candidate, Science and Arts university, Yazd, Iran.0000-0002-9041-9942Journal Article20240511Crises, including the Corona crisis, can have profound effects on societies and cause a loss of public trust. Therefore, it is very important to plan and implement appropriate strategies to restore the image of the destination and increase the trust of the organization using social media. Yazd is one of the provinces that may face various crises due to different climatic conditions. In such a situation, organizations need to present their information and actions to the public by using social media to increase people's trust. The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors influencing the recovery of the destination image and the organization's trust in social media after the crisis in Yazd province. Descriptive research is a survey. The statistical sample of the research included 65 tourists from Yazd province, who were selected and interviewed non-randomly. Data and scenarios were analyzed using fuzzy cognitive mapping technique and the research model was designed using social network analysis. In this regard, several factors are involved, among which the factors emphasizing the importance of passenger safety and security, continuous and clear information regarding changes in passenger plans, and accurate and up-to-date information about the crisis situation were respectively the most important; Because they were more central. Emphasizing the importance of these three factors can have a significant impact on improving communication and creating a sense of trust among travelers through social media after the crisis and restoring the image of the destination from the perspective of travelers.Crises, including the Corona crisis, can have profound effects on societies and cause a loss of public trust. Therefore, it is very important to plan and implement appropriate strategies to restore the image of the destination and increase the trust of the organization using social media. Yazd is one of the provinces that may face various crises due to different climatic conditions. In such a situation, organizations need to present their information and actions to the public by using social media to increase people's trust. The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors influencing the recovery of the destination image and the organization's trust in social media after the crisis in Yazd province. Descriptive research is a survey. The statistical sample of the research included 65 tourists from Yazd province, who were selected and interviewed non-randomly. Data and scenarios were analyzed using fuzzy cognitive mapping technique and the research model was designed using social network analysis. In this regard, several factors are involved, among which the factors emphasizing the importance of passenger safety and security, continuous and clear information regarding changes in passenger plans, and accurate and up-to-date information about the crisis situation were respectively the most important; Because they were more central. Emphasizing the importance of these three factors can have a significant impact on improving communication and creating a sense of trust among travelers through social media after the crisis and restoring the image of the destination from the perspective of travelers.https://www.itsairanj.ir/article_217254_e355b63365e42448aadbf9c69d3f8c01.pdfIran Tourism Scientific AssociationJournal of Tourism and Development2423-507513420241221Identifying and Prioritizing the Factors of Creating the Emergency Conditions (Crisis) in Tourism ToursIdentifying and Prioritizing the Factors of Creating the Emergency Conditions (Crisis) in Tourism Tours11613721725310.22034/jtd.2024.457520.2920FASeyyed HasanHosseiniMSc Graduate of Ecotourism, Department of Geography and Tourism, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran0000-0003-1547-2724Seyed HojjatMousaviAssociate Professor, Department of Geography and Tourism, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.0000-0003-1818-439XJournal Article20240514Tourism services are one of the most vital industries on world economy, and at the same time, they are very prone to crisis. Important unexpected events that affect tourism may include external conditions such as natural disasters, epidemic diseases, terrorist attacks, financial crises, as well as internal events such as family crises. In addition, incidents such as political, economic, social and technological issues can disrupt the performance of tourism-related organizations and require the response of regional tourism organizations and local authorities in order to minimize damage of tourism destinations. A wide range of tourism services such as accommodation, transportation, reception, tour guide, and many others are affected by various crises. therfore, crisis management in tourism, both at the level of the organization and at the level of tourism destinations, is a big challenge.
Tourism is inherently vulnerable to countless crises, from epidemics to terrorist attacks, and can significantly affect its performance and reputation. The occurrence of various crises in tourism activity is inevitable and can occur in form of natural and human hazards in tourism community and endanger the safety of tourists. Therefore, the research was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the factors that create emergency (critical) conditions in tourism tours.Tourism services are one of the most vital industries on world economy, and at the same time, they are very prone to crisis. Important unexpected events that affect tourism may include external conditions such as natural disasters, epidemic diseases, terrorist attacks, financial crises, as well as internal events such as family crises. In addition, incidents such as political, economic, social and technological issues can disrupt the performance of tourism-related organizations and require the response of regional tourism organizations and local authorities in order to minimize damage of tourism destinations. A wide range of tourism services such as accommodation, transportation, reception, tour guide, and many others are affected by various crises. therfore, crisis management in tourism, both at the level of the organization and at the level of tourism destinations, is a big challenge.
Tourism is inherently vulnerable to countless crises, from epidemics to terrorist attacks, and can significantly affect its performance and reputation. The occurrence of various crises in tourism activity is inevitable and can occur in form of natural and human hazards in tourism community and endanger the safety of tourists. Therefore, the research was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the factors that create emergency (critical) conditions in tourism tours.https://www.itsairanj.ir/article_217253_baf90cd71693b81349ccd18f5a6e7c04.pdfIran Tourism Scientific AssociationJournal of Tourism and Development2423-507513420241221Designing a sports tourism development pattern in Bandar Anzali Free ZoneDesigning a sports tourism development pattern in Bandar Anzali Free Zone13815021868810.22034/jtd.2024.424673.2852FAMaryamAliniyaPh.D. student sport management, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, IranGholamrezaKhaksariAssistant Professor Department of Physical Education, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, IranAdelAfkarAssistant Professor Department of Physical Education, Malayer Branch, Islamic Azad University, Malayer, IranMajidSolimaniAssociate Professor Department of Physical Education, Malayer Branch, Islamic Azad University, Malayer, IranJournal Article20231110The purpose of the present research was to design a sports tourism development model in Bandar Anzali Free Zone. The current research method is based on a qualitative approach to the foundational data method (Strauss and Corbin's systematic model), which was conducted in the field in terms of the fundamental purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this research includes four groups of university professors (who have conducted at least two researches in the field of sports tourism), senior experts of the General Directorate of Sports and Youth of Gilan Province, senior employees of the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage of Gilan Province, activists of sports federations and delegation Bandar Anzali sports managers and managers of sports tourism tours and sports events (with more than 5 years of experience) who were selected by purposeful sampling (18 people). The qualitative approach of grounded theory was used for data analysis for open, central and selective coding, and open coding was done by analyzing the interviews. The sports tourism development model of Anzali Free Zone is affected by the causal conditions (climate, human resources and features of Anzali Free Zone) and taking into account the extractive strategies (planning, education, marketing, sports and media) which are based on the background conditions. (infrastructure and organizational structure) and intervening conditions (economic, cultural, social and managerial) are affected, one can witness the emergence of consequences such as economic-livelihood, health, brand development and sports-infrastructure; Therefore, it is concluded that with the creation of privatization policies and also the reduction of government ownership in the fields of sports tourism, the ground will be provided for the development and expansion of management and infrastructure issues in the field of sports tourism, especially in the free zone of Bandar Anzali.The purpose of the present research was to design a sports tourism development model in Bandar Anzali Free Zone. The current research method is based on a qualitative approach to the foundational data method (Strauss and Corbin's systematic model), which was conducted in the field in terms of the fundamental purpose and in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this research includes four groups of university professors (who have conducted at least two researches in the field of sports tourism), senior experts of the General Directorate of Sports and Youth of Gilan Province, senior employees of the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage of Gilan Province, activists of sports federations and delegation Bandar Anzali sports managers and managers of sports tourism tours and sports events (with more than 5 years of experience) who were selected by purposeful sampling (18 people). The qualitative approach of grounded theory was used for data analysis for open, central and selective coding, and open coding was done by analyzing the interviews. The sports tourism development model of Anzali Free Zone is affected by the causal conditions (climate, human resources and features of Anzali Free Zone) and taking into account the extractive strategies (planning, education, marketing, sports and media) which are based on the background conditions. (infrastructure and organizational structure) and intervening conditions (economic, cultural, social and managerial) are affected, one can witness the emergence of consequences such as economic-livelihood, health, brand development and sports-infrastructure; Therefore, it is concluded that with the creation of privatization policies and also the reduction of government ownership in the fields of sports tourism, the ground will be provided for the development and expansion of management and infrastructure issues in the field of sports tourism, especially in the free zone of Bandar Anzali.https://www.itsairanj.ir/article_218688_60528b91ce8fa05016eb9b7a070a7b08.pdfIran Tourism Scientific AssociationJournal of Tourism and Development2423-507513420241221The Paradigm of Adventure Tourism Development in Ilam ProvinceThe Paradigm of Adventure Tourism Development in Ilam Province15116820711010.22034/jtd.2024.431326.2870FAKarenFatahiDepartment of Architecture, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, IranSiavashFazellipourMA student, Architectural Engineering, Research Sciences Unit, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, IranTayebehAkbariPhD student, Department of Urban Planning, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20231218Ilam Province is one of the tourism capacities in the country, which, with the possession of excellent tourism areas and potentials such as waterfalls, canyons, caves, lakes, and high mountains, can be active in attracting adventure tourists and have a significant impact on the regional economy. However, the potentials of this type of tourism in the province are not yet well known. In Ilam Province, there are only a few activities with the characteristics of adventure tourism that are scattered and at the national level, but because they are not in line with tourism planning, not only do they not benefit the host community, but they can also lead to the destruction of the natural environment and endanger the lives of tourists. Through a comprehensive exploration in this study on the attitudes and grounded approach to adventure tourism, one can gain insight into the perspectives of real stakeholders on the factors affecting its development, the proposed strategies, and the determination of the consequences. Also, incorporating stakeholder views into decision-making on the protection of adventure tourism potentials and capacities is necessary, which there is no related research in Ilam Province. In addition, the analyzed data and recommendations presented in this research can help create pressure for new paradigms, which will be useful for future discussions on site protection and may provide a deeper analysis of the relationship between nature, businesses, and tourists who use high-risk areas for recreational purposes. Therefore, considering the above, the main objective of the present study is to present a paradigm of adventure tourism development in Ilam Province using the grounded theory method, in which the causal, contextual, intervening factors, strategies, and consequences of adventure tourism development for Ilam Province are specified.Ilam Province is one of the tourism capacities in the country, which, with the possession of excellent tourism areas and potentials such as waterfalls, canyons, caves, lakes, and high mountains, can be active in attracting adventure tourists and have a significant impact on the regional economy. However, the potentials of this type of tourism in the province are not yet well known. In Ilam Province, there are only a few activities with the characteristics of adventure tourism that are scattered and at the national level, but because they are not in line with tourism planning, not only do they not benefit the host community, but they can also lead to the destruction of the natural environment and endanger the lives of tourists. Through a comprehensive exploration in this study on the attitudes and grounded approach to adventure tourism, one can gain insight into the perspectives of real stakeholders on the factors affecting its development, the proposed strategies, and the determination of the consequences. Also, incorporating stakeholder views into decision-making on the protection of adventure tourism potentials and capacities is necessary, which there is no related research in Ilam Province. In addition, the analyzed data and recommendations presented in this research can help create pressure for new paradigms, which will be useful for future discussions on site protection and may provide a deeper analysis of the relationship between nature, businesses, and tourists who use high-risk areas for recreational purposes. Therefore, considering the above, the main objective of the present study is to present a paradigm of adventure tourism development in Ilam Province using the grounded theory method, in which the causal, contextual, intervening factors, strategies, and consequences of adventure tourism development for Ilam Province are specified.https://www.itsairanj.ir/article_207110_bcaa5aeef13c9587607dc0bb3220212b.pdfIran Tourism Scientific AssociationJournal of Tourism and Development2423-507513420241221Tourism, Destination brand, Burda model, Copland model, Ancient clay land, NazarabadTourism, Destination brand, Burda model, Copland model, Ancient clay land, Nazarabad16918220883110.22034/jtd.2024.442411.2892FATaherParizadiTaher Parizadi, Associate Professor, Department of Geographical Sciences, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-8303-1723HabibollahFasihiAssociate Professor, Department of Geographical Sciences, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-0672-0944ZahraOqubian SoufilarZahra Oqubian Soufilar, M.S Student of Geography & Urban Planning, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran0009-0001-2616-8974Journal Article20240208Branding is one of the new procedures in identifying and perceiving places as tourist destinations. It can be a driving for the development of these activities in today’s competitive space. This research aimed to determine a suitable tourism brand for Nazarabad Township in Alborz province, Iran. In this regard, based on library sources, field observations, interviews with experts, and lived experiences, an analytical knowledge of the area’s tourist attractions and its places was done. Using Delphi method, the collected information was provided to sample experts including 15 elites and urban experts and 10 urban managers of the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism to be validated by them. In the next stage, during consultation meetings with the experts, 7 brands were determined. To choose the final brand by implying the evaluations, Burda and Copeland models were implemented. Finally, “the land of ancient clay” was selected among the 7 proposed brandsBranding is one of the new procedures in identifying and perceiving places as tourist destinations. It can be a driving for the development of these activities in today’s competitive space. This research aimed to determine a suitable tourism brand for Nazarabad Township in Alborz province, Iran. In this regard, based on library sources, field observations, interviews with experts, and lived experiences, an analytical knowledge of the area’s tourist attractions and its places was done. Using Delphi method, the collected information was provided to sample experts including 15 elites and urban experts and 10 urban managers of the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism to be validated by them. In the next stage, during consultation meetings with the experts, 7 brands were determined. To choose the final brand by implying the evaluations, Burda and Copeland models were implemented. Finally, “the land of ancient clay” was selected among the 7 proposed brandshttps://www.itsairanj.ir/article_208831_f857683c51bf5df9a04ecd4becfd8795.pdfIran Tourism Scientific AssociationJournal of Tourism and Development2423-507513420241221Presenting the rural and agricultural ecotourism model by proposing operational solutions for business developmentPresenting the rural and agricultural ecotourism model by proposing operational solutions for business development18220320883310.22034/jtd.2024.447394.2898FARaminBashir KhodaparastiAssistant Professor, Faculty of Economics and Management Urmia University, Urmia, Iran0000-0002-5292-3451HooshmandBagheri GarbollaghAssociate Professor, Faculty of Economics and Management, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran0000-0001-7635-3994Ali RezaJamshidiDepartment of Geography, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran0000-0002-3594-4365Journal Article20240307The aim of the current research is to study the rural and agricultural ecotourism of the province and provide operational solutions for business development. The current research is developmental-applicative in terms of its purpose; In terms of method, it is qualitative and in terms of implementation method, it is a mixture of qualitative content analysis. The statistical population consisted of tourists, local residents, experts, successful entrepreneurs and owners of local residences, among which 16 interviews were conducted and analyzed. The sampling method of the current research is the targeted method of snowball method. A semi-structured (in-depth) interview was used to collect data, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed using experts' opinions and the Kappa-Cohen test, respectively. Data analysis was done by content analysis and after analyzing the interviews and open, selective and central coding of the text of the interviews, twenty-four main categories were identified as the main categories of the rural and agricultural ecotourism business development system in Azerbaijan province. were identified as including personal psychological challenges, entrepreneurial ecosystem, ecotourism infrastructure and facilities, policy factors, regional attractions and potentials, environmental factors, managerial factors, socio-cultural factors, collaborative factors, good government management and policymaking, strategic orientation and effective leadership, economic factors, augmented reality services, marketing, electronic human resource management and customer relationship management.The aim of the current research is to study the rural and agricultural ecotourism of the province and provide operational solutions for business development. The current research is developmental-applicative in terms of its purpose; In terms of method, it is qualitative and in terms of implementation method, it is a mixture of qualitative content analysis. The statistical population consisted of tourists, local residents, experts, successful entrepreneurs and owners of local residences, among which 16 interviews were conducted and analyzed. The sampling method of the current research is the targeted method of snowball method. A semi-structured (in-depth) interview was used to collect data, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed using experts' opinions and the Kappa-Cohen test, respectively. Data analysis was done by content analysis and after analyzing the interviews and open, selective and central coding of the text of the interviews, twenty-four main categories were identified as the main categories of the rural and agricultural ecotourism business development system in Azerbaijan province. were identified as including personal psychological challenges, entrepreneurial ecosystem, ecotourism infrastructure and facilities, policy factors, regional attractions and potentials, environmental factors, managerial factors, socio-cultural factors, collaborative factors, good government management and policymaking, strategic orientation and effective leadership, economic factors, augmented reality services, marketing, electronic human resource management and customer relationship management.https://www.itsairanj.ir/article_208833_60a3cff0682892abd63f0ec0d265cf7b.pdfIran Tourism Scientific AssociationJournal of Tourism and Development2423-507513420241221Explaining the impact of green marketing strategy on the development of green tourism in Kerman with a structural ـ interpretive approachExplaining the impact of green marketing strategy on the development of green tourism in Kerman with a structural ـ interpretive approach20422422223310.22034/jtd.2024.460379.2925FAGholamrezaAskarpour DaragahiPhD student, Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran0009-0008-5815-2396EzatollahAbbasianProfessor, Department of Financial Engineering, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-8364-6461EbrahimNasiroleslamiAssistant Professor, Department of Statistics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Bu-ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran0009-0003-7020-8296Journal Article20240530This study was conducted with the purpose of explaining the impact of green marketing strategy on the development of green tourism in Kerman with a structural-interpretive approach. The current study is an applied-developmental study in terms of its purpose, and in terms of the data collection method, it is a qualitative research based on an interpretive approach. A semi-structured interview and a questionnaire based on the decision matrix were used to collect data. The community of participants of this research includes theoretical experts (professors of marketing management and tourism management) and experimental experts (directors of the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism of Kerman province). Sampling of the qualitative part was done with a purposeful method and finally theoretical saturation was achieved with 12 interviews. The sample size of the quantitative part was estimated by Cochran's formula for large and uncertain communities of 384 people, and sampling was also done using the available method. To analyze the research data in the qualitative part, the qualitative analysis of the theme and MaxQDA 20 software were used. Then, the relationships between the structures were determined by structural-interpretive modeling method in MicMac 4.0 software. At the end, the status of the structures was checked with binomial test in SPSS 22 software. The research findings showed that the marketing strategy of green tourism has an impact on cultural tourism and managerial-structural factors. The mentioned factors affect tourism branding and communication management with tourists and in turn affect political-planning factors. Political-planning factors affect infrastructural factors and educational-research factors. The mentioned factors also affect socio-cultural, environmental and economic-institutional factors and ultimately lead to the sustainable development of tourism.This study was conducted with the purpose of explaining the impact of green marketing strategy on the development of green tourism in Kerman with a structural-interpretive approach. The current study is an applied-developmental study in terms of its purpose, and in terms of the data collection method, it is a qualitative research based on an interpretive approach. A semi-structured interview and a questionnaire based on the decision matrix were used to collect data. The community of participants of this research includes theoretical experts (professors of marketing management and tourism management) and experimental experts (directors of the General Directorate of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism of Kerman province). Sampling of the qualitative part was done with a purposeful method and finally theoretical saturation was achieved with 12 interviews. The sample size of the quantitative part was estimated by Cochran's formula for large and uncertain communities of 384 people, and sampling was also done using the available method. To analyze the research data in the qualitative part, the qualitative analysis of the theme and MaxQDA 20 software were used. Then, the relationships between the structures were determined by structural-interpretive modeling method in MicMac 4.0 software. At the end, the status of the structures was checked with binomial test in SPSS 22 software. The research findings showed that the marketing strategy of green tourism has an impact on cultural tourism and managerial-structural factors. The mentioned factors affect tourism branding and communication management with tourists and in turn affect political-planning factors. Political-planning factors affect infrastructural factors and educational-research factors. The mentioned factors also affect socio-cultural, environmental and economic-institutional factors and ultimately lead to the sustainable development of tourism.https://www.itsairanj.ir/article_222233_567021dd0c2ce9cc8707fb646d4ae752.pdf