استارت‌آپ‌های گردشگری در ایران: عوامل موفقیت و شکست

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مدیریت جهانگردی، دانشکدۀ مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت جهانگردی، دانشکدۀ مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران.

3 استاد تمام، گروه مدیریت جهانگردی، دانشکدۀ مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

10.22034/jtd.2021.302135.2431

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین مهم‌ترین عوامل موفقیت و شکست استارت‌آپ‌ها انجام شده است و به‌منظور انجام پژوهش، پس از مطالعهٔ ادبیات و بررسی پیشینهٔ پژوهش و استخراج عوامل موفقیت و شکست استارت‌آپ‌ها، مصاحبه‌ای نیمه‌ساختاریافته با 18 تن از صاحبان استارت‌آپ‌های گردشگری ایران انجام شد. در مرحلهٔ بعد، با استفاده از روش تجزیه‌وتحلیل محتوای کیفی، عوامل موفقیت و شکست این مشاغل در 10 بُعد اصلی طبقه‌بندی شدند. درنهایت، براساس 10 بُعد شناسایی‌شده، این عوامل با استفاده از روش آنتروپی شانون اولویت‌بندی شدند. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان می‌دهند عوامل سازمانی اولویت اول و عوامل ‌پیش‌بینی‌ناپذیر اولویت آخر (اهمیت کمتر) را در موفقیت استارت‌آپ‌های گردشگری ایران دارند. درخصوص عوامل تأثیرگذار در شکست این کسب‌وکارها، اولویت اول مربوط به عوامل حقوقی-سیاسی و اولویت آخر منابع فنّاوری هستند. بنابراین، نه‌تنها کارآفرینان باید توجه ویژه‌ای به عوامل سازمانی برای ایجاد استارت‌آپ گردشگری خود داشته باشند، مسئولان سیاست‌گذار و وزارت میراث فرهنگی، صنایع دستی و گردشگری باید مسیر این کسب‌وکارها را از طریق تصویب قوانین مناسب تسهیل کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Tourism startups in Iran: Success and failure factors

نویسندگان [English]

  • Aida Aminifar 1
  • fatemeh yavarigohar 2
  • mehdi karoubi 3
1 MA, Department of Tourism Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Tourism Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran
3 Full Professor, Department of Tourism Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The present study was carried out to determine the most important factors in the success and failure of startups. In order to conduct the research, after studying the existing literature and extracting the factors of success and failure of startups, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 owners of tourism startups in Iran. In the next step, applying the qualitative content analysis method, the success and failure factors of these jobs were classified into 10 main groups. Finally, based on the 10 identified groups, these factors were prioritized using the Shannon entropy method. The findings show that organizational factors are the first priority and unpredictable factors are the last priority (less important) in the success of Iranian tourism startups. Regarding the factors influencing the failure of these businesses, the first priority is related to legal-political factors and the last priority is technology resources. Therefore, not only entrepreneurs should pay special attention to organizational factors for creating their tourism startups, policymakers and the Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts, and Tourism should pave their path through legislation of appropriate laws

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Tourism Startup
  • Startup Success
  • Startup Failure
  • Qualitative Content Analysis
  • Shannon Entropy
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